#include <iostream>

/*
 * global variable; can be used in C++, but is considered poor style
 * unless it is at least encapsulated in a namespace (not done here).
 */
constexpr int N = 7;

int main()
{
   int cubes[N]{};  // curly braces initialize to default; here, zeroes
   // above, we could also simply have written: int vector[7]{};
   
   for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) cubes[i] = i*i*i;
   
   std::cout << "cubes[3] evaluates to " << cubes[3] << ".\n\n";
   
   std::cout << "cubes evaluates to " << cubes << ".\n";
   std::cout << "cubes + 3 evaluates to " << cubes + 3 << ".\n\n";
   
   std::cout << "*cubes accesses the value at the address cubes; "
             << "that is " << *cubes << ".\n";
   std::cout << "*(cubes+3) accesses the value at the address cubes+3; "
             << "that is " << *(cubes + 3) << ".\n\n";
             
   /*
    * you could safely do the below in Python, but not in C++
    * it is a serious mistake - never do this!!!
    */
   std::cout << "Attention. Never do the following.\n"
             << "cubes[-1] evaluates to " << cubes[-1] << ".\n"
             << "*(cubes-1) evaluates to " << *(cubes - 1) << ".\n\n";

   std::cout << "That was the content that happened to be in memory "
             << "right before the array, at the address " << cubes-1 << ".\n"
             << "Accessing memory in this way is not simply poor style, "
             << "it can even cause the program to fail (segmentation fault).\n";
}